Colorado · PERA · Methods and sources

How we estimate Colorado PERA pensions

Every number on the Colorado pages comes from a PERA booklet, fact sheet or HAS table, or from the PERA statute as PERA reprints it. Here's what the calculator does, and what it leaves out.

This page explains the Colorado PERA calculator. The rules it uses are in plain English on the benefit formula, Rule of 80 to 90 and reduced retirement pages.

  1. 1

    Find your HAS table

    You pick it, or we use your membership date. Before 2011 we also test whether you could retire on January 1, 2011 (from your age and your service that day, which we estimate from your membership date if you don't enter it). Joined 2017 through 2019: PERA 7 unless you tick that your recent service was outside the School and DPS Divisions.

    Your PERA Benefits p. 16, Highest Average Salary Percentages Tables (chart); C.R.S. 24-51-605(3), (4) ("eligible for a reduced service retirement benefit as of January 1, 2011" / "not eligible for a retirement benefit as of January 1, 2011")
  2. 2

    Project your service

    We add the time from today to your retirement date to the service you enter, a year for each year. The work-longer comparison adds a year of service for each year and keeps your HAS the same.

    Our assumption (see below)
  3. 3

    Check the retirement rules

    Your age (reached by the end of your retirement month) and service against your table's full-benefit rules, including the Rule of 80, 85, 88 or 90, then its reduced-retirement rules.

    C.R.S. 24-51-602(1.5), (1.8); Your PERA Benefits p. 6 (lists 58/30 and 60/28); C.R.S. 24-51-604(1), Table C; Your PERA Benefits p. 7 (Membership Started Before January 1, 2020); C.R.S. 24-51-604(2), Table C.1; Your PERA Benefits p. 7 (Membership Started on or After January 1, 2020)
  4. 4

    Apply the formula or the table

    Full benefit: 2.5% × years of service, up to 100%, × your monthly HAS. Reduced: the percentage in your table's box for your age and whole years, part of the way to the next year's box for a part year.

    Your PERA Benefits p. 7, Defined Benefit Calculation; C.R.S. 24-51-603(1)(a); Your PERA Benefits pp. 17-25 (note under each PERA table); Understanding Your Benefit Estimate PDF p. 1 (33.5 years -> 83.75%); Your PERA Benefits p. 7, Defined Benefit Calculation; p. 16; Understanding Your Benefit Estimate PDF p. 1
  5. 5

    Compare with money purchase

    If you enter a money purchase amount from a PERA estimate and it's higher, we show it, because PERA pays the higher one.

    Your PERA Benefits p. 7, Benefit Calculation, Money Purchase Benefit Calculation; C.R.S. 24-51-605.5
  6. 6

    Add the dates and extras

    Earliest and full-benefit dates, the first annual increase (36 months of payments, and for reduced retirees age 60 or the full-benefit total by January 1), the AI at 1% after 2027, and the PERACare subsidy.

    Annual Increases fact sheet pp. 1-2, First AI; C.R.S. 24-51-1001(1)(b.5), (3.5); Automatic Adjustment fact sheet p. 1; PERACare Pre-Medicare 2026 pp. 16-17 (maximum $230, Monthly Subsidy Chart); PERACare Medicare 2026 pp. 12-13 (maximum $115, Medicare Benefit Recipient Monthly Subsidy Chart); C.R.S. 24-51-1206(2), (3)

What the calculator doesn't cover

How we check the math

The calculator runs on a small engine that reads every rule from one data file, with a source for each. The HAS tables were read from PERA's booklet, box by box. Automated tests check the engine against PERA's worked examples and every box of the nine tables, plus the edges of each rule (birthdays, January 1, 2011 and 2020, the Rule of N, the 36 months before the first annual increase). The tests run every time the site is built.

How we check the math (Colorado PERA)
ExampleSource showsOur engineSource
Part year: 33.5 years83.75%83.75%Understanding Your Benefit Estimate PDF p. 1, What happens if I retire between boxes on the PERA HAS table? Match
3-year HAS example (a month)$2,021$2,021Your PERA Benefits p. 7, PERA 3-Year HAS Calculation Example Match
5-year HAS example (a month)$2,079$2,079Your PERA Benefits p. 8, PERA 5-Year HAS Calculation Example Match
Full-benefit boxes = 2.5% × years, PERA 1 to 91330 boxes1330 matchYour PERA Benefits p. 17, PERA 1 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 18, PERA 2 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 19, PERA 3 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 20, PERA 4 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 21, PERA 5 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 22, PERA 6 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 23, PERA 7 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 24, PERA 8 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1; Your PERA Benefits p. 25, PERA 9 Highest Average Salary Percentages for Retirement Benefit Option 1 Match
PERA 9, 30 years: age 55 / age 6449% / 75%49% / 75%Your PERA Benefits p. 25, PERA 9 table Match
Working after retirement: 60 days + 90 hours74 days74 daysWorking After Retirement p. 1, Workday Limit Definition, Example Match
PERACare subsidy, 1 year (before / with Medicare)$11.50 / $5.75$11.50 / $5.75PERACare Pre-Medicare 2026 pp. 16-17 (maximum $230, Monthly Subsidy Chart); PERACare Medicare 2026 pp. 12-13 (maximum $115, Medicare Benefit Recipient Monthly Subsidy Chart); C.R.S. 24-51-1206(2), (3) Match
PERACare subsidy, 10 years (before / with Medicare)$115.00 / $57.50$115.00 / $57.50PERACare Pre-Medicare 2026 pp. 16-17 (maximum $230, Monthly Subsidy Chart); PERACare Medicare 2026 pp. 12-13 (maximum $115, Medicare Benefit Recipient Monthly Subsidy Chart); C.R.S. 24-51-1206(2), (3) Match
PERACare subsidy, 20 years (before / with Medicare)$230.00 / $115.00$230.00 / $115.00PERACare Pre-Medicare 2026 pp. 16-17 (maximum $230, Monthly Subsidy Chart); PERACare Medicare 2026 pp. 12-13 (maximum $115, Medicare Benefit Recipient Monthly Subsidy Chart); C.R.S. 24-51-1206(2), (3) Match
First AI after a July 1, 2026 retirementthree Julys laterJuly 1, 2029Annual Increases fact sheet pp. 1-2, First AI; C.R.S. 24-51-1001(1)(b.5), (3.5) Match

PERA rounds its HAS examples to whole dollars; our engine's $2,020.83 and $2,078.63 round to the same. PERA's working-after-retirement example rounds 73.75 days to 74.

Things to check with PERA

The sources don't settle these points. Each is labeled "Check with PERA" where it shows up on the site.

Check with PERA

When you take a reduced (early) benefit with a part year of service, PERA's tables only show whole years. PERA's fact sheet shows a part-year example only for a full benefit (33.5 years = 83.75%).

What we use: We go part of the way between the two whole-year boxes at your age, in proportion to the part year.

What would settle it: A PERA benefit estimate for a reduced retirement with fractional service and age, or PERA's calculation rules.

Understanding Your Benefit Estimate PDF p. 1
Check with PERA

PERA's sources don't say exactly how a birthday that falls in your retirement month counts.

What we use: We count the age you reach by the last day of your retirement month, both for eligibility and for the column of the table.

What would settle it: PERA Rules on effective dates, or a PERA estimate for a member whose birthday falls in the retirement month.

Retirement Process p. 4, Effective Date of Retirement
Check with PERA

If you joined before 2011, your table (PERA 1 or 2, 3 or 4, 5 or 6) depends on whether you could already retire on January 1, 2011. That depends on your age and service on that day.

What we use: We test your age and service on January 1, 2011. If you don't enter that service, we estimate it from your membership date as if you worked without a break. Your PERA account shows your actual table.

What would settle it: The member's PERA account (it shows which HAS table applies).

Your PERA Benefits p. 16; C.R.S. 24-51-605(3), (4)
Check with PERA

PERA limits how much each year's pay can rise in the HAS (8% or 15%). It doesn't say whether the limit is measured from the year before as paid or as already limited.

What we use: We measure from the year before as already limited. PERA's own examples stay under the limit, so they come out the same either way.

What would settle it: PERA Rule on HAS or a worked example where a raise exceeds the cap.

Your PERA Benefits p. 7
Check with PERA

PERA doesn't spell out how it counts the 36 months of payments before your first annual increase.

What we use: We count 36 monthly payments from your retirement date to July 1. A July 1 retirement gets its first increase three years later.

What would settle it: PERA AI eligibility worksheet or a retiree's first AI notice.

Annual Increases fact sheet pp. 1-2, First AI
Check with PERA

If you joined in 2020 or later and take a reduced benefit, PERA's fact sheet says your first annual increase waits until you reach age 60 (or the age-plus-service total for a full benefit). State law says age 64 (or a total of 94).

What we use: We follow PERA's fact sheet (age 60) and mark it here.

What would settle it: PERA confirmation of which applies.

Annual Increases fact sheet p. 2; C.R.S. 24-51-1001(3.5)(b)(VI)
Check with PERA

The copy of state law we use includes changes made through 2025. Laws passed in 2026 may have changed some rules.

What we use: We use PERA's 2026 booklets first, and the 2025 law where the booklets are silent.

What would settle it: Colorado PERA Law 2026 edition or the 2026 C.R.S.

Colorado PERA Law 2025 (title page)
Check with PERA

If you joined in 2017 through 2019, you're on PERA 7 if your most recent 10 years of service are in the School or DPS Divisions, and PERA 8 if not.

What we use: We assume PERA 7 because this site is for school employees. Pick PERA 8 in the calculator if your recent service was in another division.

What would settle it: The member's PERA account.

Your PERA Benefits p. 16
Check with PERA

PERA pays the higher of the formula benefit and a money purchase benefit. The money purchase benefit depends on your account balance and PERA's factors, which aren't published.

What we use: We can't work it out. If your PERA estimate shows a money purchase amount, enter it and we use whichever is higher.

What would settle it: A PERA benefit estimate.

Your PERA Benefits p. 7, Money Purchase Benefit Calculation
Check with PERA

State law adds your age and your years of service, but doesn't say whether part years of age count.

What we use: We use your age in years and months plus your exact service.

What would settle it: PERA Rules or an estimate for a member who meets the Rule of N mid-year.

C.R.S. 24-51-602
Check with PERA

Colorado's pension exclusion covers survivor benefits at any age, but PERA's tax booklet gives amounts only for ages 55 and up.

What we use: We show $20,000 for a survivor under 55.

What would settle it: Colorado Department of Revenue, Income Tax Topics: Social Security, Pensions, and Annuities.

Taxes on PERA Benefits p. 3, Colorado State Income Tax
Check with PERA

PERA's list of who can choose the PERA Defined Contribution (DC) Plan doesn't include school district employees, but the sources don't say so in words.

What we use: We say school employees aren't on the list, and we don't model the DC Plan.

What would settle it: PERAChoice booklet or PERA confirmation.

DC Plan overview p. 1, PERAChoice

Where the sources differ

One reading note: the PDF text for the PERA 2 table, 16 years, comes out in the wrong order; the printed page gives 33.5% at age 60, and that's what we use.

Sources

Spot an error? Tell us. PERA's number is 800-759-7372.

Source: Your PERA Benefits: A Summary of the Colorado PERA Defined Benefit Plan, Revised April 2026, pp. 6, 7, 8, 16, 17, 17-25, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Also: C.R.S. 24-51-602, 24-51-603, 24-51-604, 24-51-605, 24-51-605.5, 24-51-1001, 24-51-1002, 24-51-1206; Understanding Your Benefit Estimate; Annual Increases fact sheet pp. 1, 1-2, 2; Automatic Adjustment fact sheet p. 1; PERACare Pre-Medicare 2026 pp. 16-17; PERACare Medicare 2026 pp. 12-13; Retirement Process p. 4; Colorado PERA Law 2025; Taxes on PERA Benefits p. 3; DC Plan overview p. 1; Working After Retirement p. 1. Last reviewed .